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USD/INR strengthens as month-end US dollar demand drags Indian rupee lower

  • The Indian rupee attracts some sellers in the first Asian session on Wednesday.
  • Weakening Asian benchmarks and month-end USD demand weigh on INR.
  • Investors await the Fed’s Waller and Bostic speeches on Wednesday for fresh impetus.

The Indian rupee (INR) extended losses on Wednesday, pressured by weakness in Asian benchmarks and demand for US dollars (USD) from importers. However, positive domestic markets and accommodative comments by Federal Reserve (Fed) Chairman Jerome Powell at the Jackson Hole meeting last week could cushion the local currency’s downside.

Later on Wednesday, the Fed’s Christopher Waller and Raphael Bostic are scheduled to speak. Annualized advanced US Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for the second quarter (Q2) will be released on Thursday, which is expected to increase by 2.8%. On Friday, the US Personal Consumption Expenditure (PCE) price index and the Indian GDP quarter for the first quarter (Q1) of the fiscal year 2024-25 (FY25) will be in focus.

Daily Digest Market Movers: Indian rupee looks fragile despite Fed’s wisdom

  • The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has estimated that India’s real GDP growth will reach 7% in 2024 to remain the fastest growing major economy in the world.
  • India’s economic growth in the April-June quarter was expected to expand at the slowest pace in a year due to lower government spending, according to a Reuters poll.
  • The Conference Board’s US consumer confidence index rose to 103.3 in August from an upwardly revised 101.9 in July, marking a six-month high.
  • The U.S. home price index fell 0.1% month-on-month in June, better than the estimate of a 0.2% increase, the Federal Housing Finance Agency showed on Tuesday.
  • Futures currently have a nearly 34.5% chance of a half-percentage-point cut in interest rates, according to CME’s FedWatch tool.

Technical Analysis: USD/INR’s positive outlook remains in play

Indian rupee weakens on that day. Technically, the constructive picture of the pair remains intact as the price is above the 100-day exponential moving average (EMA) on the daily time frame. The 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI) remains above the median line near 58.00, suggesting that the support level is likely to hold rather than break.

The first upside barrier to watch for USD/INR is the support-turned-resistance level at the psychological level of 84.00. Any further buying above this level could pave the way for the next hurdle near the record high of 84.24 en route to 84.50.

In the bearish event, the August 20 low at 83.77 acts as an initial support level for the pair. Extended losses could expose the 100-day EMA at 83.60.

The price in US dollars today

The table below shows the percentage change of the US dollar (USD) against the major currencies listed today. The US dollar was weakest against the Australian dollar.

USD EURO GBP CAD AUD JPY NZD CHF
USD 0.08% 0.07% 0.01% -0.15% 0.32% 0.03% 0.18%
EURO -0.07% -0.01% -0.06% -0.23% 0.24% -0.05% 0.11%
GBP -0.08% 0.00% -0.07% -0.23% 0.25% -0.04% 0.11%
CAD -0.01% 0.07% 0.06% -0.17% 0.30% 0.02% 0.16%
AUD 0.15% 0.23% 0.23% 0.16% 0.45% 0.20% 0.32%
JPY -0.32% -0.24% -0.25% -0.31% -0.47% -0.28% -9915.37%
NZD -0.03% 0.05% 0.04% -0.02% -0.18% 0.31% 0.13%
CHF -0.19% -0.11% -0.10% -0.16% -0.33% 0.10% -0.15%

The heatmap shows the percentage changes of major currencies against each other. The base currency is chosen from the left column, while the quoted currency is chosen from the top row. For example, if you choose Euro in the left column and move along the horizontal line to Japanese Yen, the percentage change shown in the box will be EUR (base)/JPY (quote).

Frequently Asked Questions about the Indian Rupee

The Indian Rupee (INR) is one of the most sensitive currencies to external factors. The price of crude oil (the country is heavily dependent on imported oil), the value of the US dollar – most trade is done in USD – and the level of foreign investment are all influential. Direct intervention of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in the foreign exchange markets to keep the exchange rate stable, as well as the level of interest rates set by the RBI, are other major influencing factors on the rupee.

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) actively intervenes in the foreign exchange markets to maintain a stable exchange rate to help facilitate trade. In addition, the RBI is trying to maintain the inflation rate at the target of 4% by adjusting interest rates. Higher interest rates usually strengthen the rupee. This is due to the role of the “carry trade” where investors borrow in countries with lower interest rates so that they place their money in countries that offer relatively higher interest rates and profit from the difference.

Macroeconomic factors that influence the value of the rupee include inflation, interest rates, the rate of economic growth (GDP), trade balance and foreign investment flows. A higher growth rate may lead to more investment abroad, pushing demand for the rupee. A less negative trade balance will ultimately lead to a stronger rupee. Higher interest rates, especially real rates (interest rates minus inflation) are also positive for the rupee. A risk-on environment may lead to higher foreign direct and indirect investment (FDI and FII) inflows, which also benefits the rupee.

Higher inflation, especially if it is comparatively higher than India’s, is generally negative for the currency as it reflects devaluation through oversupply. Inflation also increases the cost of exports, resulting in more rupees being sold to buy foreign imports, which is negative for the rupee. At the same time, higher inflation usually leads to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) raising interest rates, and this can be positive for the rupee due to increased demand from international investors. The opposite effect is true for lower inflation.

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