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EUR/USD eases from 1.1200 amid uncertainty ahead of Eurozone and US inflation data

  • EUR/USD is under pressure as the euro weakens on firm ECB rate cut prospects.
  • The Eurozone’s weak economic outlook supports bets on a September ECB interest rate cut.
  • US dollar regains ground with core US PCE inflation data in the spotlight.

EUR/USD is correcting to near 1.1150 in the European session on Wednesday. The major currency pair is falling as the US dollar (USD) regains ground after hitting a new year-to-date (YTD) low this week. The US Dollar Index (DXY), which tracks the value of the greenback against six major currencies, is rising to near 100.80 from new lows of 100.50.

A mild recovery in the US dollar appears to be a short-lived pullback for now, which could be capitalized on as a selling opportunity by market participants. The near-term outlook for the greenback is vulnerable due to optimism that the Federal Reserve (Fed) will begin cutting interest rates in September.

While the Fed’s September rate cuts have been fully applied by traders, bets remain divided on whether the central bank will gradually cut interest rates by 25 basis points (bps) or offer one more than 50 basis points. According to the CME FedWatch tool, 30-day Federal Funds Futures price data shows the probability of a 50 bps rate cut in September is 34.5%, while the rest favor a 25 bps cut.

For fresh clues about the potential size of the rate cut, investors await core United States (US) personal consumption expenditure (PCE) inflation data for July due out on Friday. The PCE price index report is expected to show annual core inflation rose 2.7 percent, up from June’s reading of 2.6 percent, with the monthly figure up 0.2 percent. Signs of further decline in core inflation would prompt expectations that the Fed will take an aggressive policy easing approach. On the contrary, sticky numbers would mitigate this jumbo rate cut scenario.

Daily Market Reasons: EUR/USD drops to near 1.1150 as Euro weakens

  • EUR/USD falls from new highs of 1.1200 as Euro (EUR) weakens. The euro is underperforming the majors as investors appear confident that the European Central Bank (ECB) will cut interest rates again in September.
  • The ECB began cutting interest rates in June as policymakers appear confident that price pressures in the euro zone will return to the bank’s 2% target in 2025. However, it decided to leave its key lending rates unchanged in July because officials were concerned about an aggressive. the policy easing process could renew inflationary pressures.
  • Given evidence from HCOB Eurozone flash PMI for August and Q2 negotiated wage rates that the overall economic outlook is uncertain and wage pressures are easing, the ECB is expected to cut interest rates by 25 bps in September. Traders also see the ECB cutting lending rates again sometime in the final quarter of this year.
  • For fresh clues on the path of interest rate cuts, investors await flash data on the Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) for August for Germany and the entire euro area, due on Thursday and Friday respectively. Economists expect price pressures to have decelerated.

Technical Analysis: EUR/USD drops to near 1.1150

EUR/USD is down near 1.1150 after making another swing at 1.1200. The broader outlook for the major currency pair remains firm as it maintains the breakout of the symmetrical triangle chart formed on the weekly time frame. The upward-sloping 20-week exponential moving average (EMA) near 1.0900 is more supportive going forward.

The 14-period Relative Strength Index (RSI) is hovering in the bullish range of 60.00-80.00, suggesting strong upside momentum. On the other hand, the July 2023 high at 1.1275 and the January 2022 high of 1.1500 will be the next stops for Euro bulls. The decline is expected to remain muted near the psychological support of 1.1000.

Frequently asked questions about the euro

Euro is the currency for the 20 countries of the European Union that belong to the Eurozone. It is the second most heavily traded currency in the world after the US dollar. In 2022, it accounted for 31% of all foreign exchange transactions, with an average daily turnover of over $2.2 trillion per day. EUR/USD is the most traded currency pair in the world, representing an estimated discount of 30% on all trades, followed by EUR/JPY (4%), EUR/GBP (3%) and EUR/AUD (2%).

The European Central Bank (ECB) in Frankfurt, Germany is the reserve bank for the euro area. The ECB sets interest rates and manages monetary policy. The ECB’s main mandate is to maintain price stability, which means either controlling inflation or stimulating growth. Its main tool is to raise or lower interest rates. Relatively high interest rates – or the expectation of higher rates – will usually benefit the euro and vice versa. The Governing Council of the ECB takes monetary policy decisions at meetings held eight times a year. Decisions are taken by the heads of national banks in the euro area and six permanent members, including ECB President Christine Lagarde.

Eurozone inflation data, as measured by the Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP), is an important econometric element for the euro. If inflation rises more than expected, especially if it exceeds the ECB’s 2% target, it forces the ECB to raise interest rates to bring it back under control. Relatively high interest rates compared to its peers will typically benefit the euro as it makes the region more attractive as a place for global investors to park their money.

Data releases measure the health of the economy and can have an impact on the euro. Indicators such as GDP, manufacturing and services PMI, employment and consumer sentiment surveys can all influence the direction of the single currency. A strong economy is good for the euro. Not only does it attract more foreign investment, it may encourage the ECB to raise interest rates, which will directly strengthen the euro. Otherwise, if the economic data is weak, the euro is likely to fall. Economic data for the four largest economies in the euro area (Germany, France, Italy and Spain) are particularly significant as they account for 75% of the euro area economy.

Another important piece of information for the euro is the trade balance. This indicator measures the difference between what a country earns from its exports and what it spends on imports in a given period. If a country produces highly sought-after exports, then its currency will only gain in value from the additional demand created by foreign buyers wanting to purchase these goods. Therefore, a positive net trade balance strengthens a currency and vice versa for a negative balance.

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