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USD/INR falls as likely RBI intervention helps limit decline in Indian Rupee

  • The Indian rupee is trading on a stronger note in the Asian session on Friday.
  • A deeper Fed rate cut expectation and potential RBI intervention underpin the INR.
  • Rising crude oil, weakness in its Asian peers and India’s external outflows could weigh on the local currency.

The Indian Rupee (INR) gains ground on Friday. Traders are increasingly expecting the US Federal Reserve (Fed) to cut interest rates in September, which continues to undercut the US dollar (USD). Moreover, the likely intervention of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) could prevent the local currency from depreciating.

However, a further rebound in crude oil prices could put some selling pressure on the INR as India is the world’s third largest oil importer and consumer. Similar weakness in Asia and India’s foreign outflows could contribute to the Indian rupee’s downside. In the absence of any headline data from India and the US on Friday, traders will focus on risk sentiment and USD dynamics for now.

Daily Digest Market Movers: Indian rupee strengthens, upside potential appears limited

  • RBI’s Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) voted by a 4-2 majority to leave policy rates unchanged and decided to maintain its ‘Withdrawal of Accommodation’ stance.
  • India’s central bank maintains its FY25 real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth forecast at 7.2% with “equally balanced risks” and maintains its FY25 consumer price index (CPI) inflation forecast to 4.5%.
  • RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das said inflation is gradually easing across economies, while medium-term global growth faces significant challenges. However, food price pressures cannot be ignored because of their potential spillover effects.
  • The RBI’s Das also said it is premature to talk about the US recession, but the central bank will monitor all incoming data, both internal and external.
  • The number of Americans who filed new claims for unemployment benefits rose by 233,000 in the week ended August 3, from 250,000 previously (revised from 249,000). That figure was below the market consensus of 240,000, according to the US Labor Department’s (DoL) report on Thursday.
  • Investors expect the Fed to start cutting interest rates in September, with a larger-than-usual cut of 50 basis points (bps) to nearly 58% rates, down from 70% before the data release, according to CME FedWatch Tool.

Technical Analysis: USD/INR’s broader outlook remains positive

The Indian Rupee is trading firmer today. According to the daily chart, the bullish outlook for the USD/INR pair remains in play, with the price holding above the 100-day exponential moving average (EMA) and the uptrend line since June 3. The 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI) reflects continued bullish strength as it sits above the median line near 65.80.

The first bullish target for USD/INR appears at the psychological barrier of 84.00. Extended gains could pave the way to an all-time high of 84.24. A bullish breakout above this level could lead to a rally to 84.50.

On the other hand, the uptrend line around 83.80 acts as a key contention level for the pair. A breach of the said level could drag the pair lower to the 100-day EMA at 83.51.

The price in US dollars today

The table below shows the percentage change of the US dollar (USD) against the major currencies listed today. The US dollar was weakest against the New Zealand dollar.

USD EURO GBP CAD AUD JPY NZD CHF
USD -0.07% -0.09% -0.05% -0.08% -0.18% -0.37% -0.07%
EURO 0.07% -0.02% 0.02% -0.01% -0.09% -0.29% 0.01%
GBP 0.09% 0.01% 0.03% 0.00% -0.07% -0.29% 0.03%
CAD 0.06% -0.01% -0.04% -0.02% -0.09% -0.30% 0.00%
AUD 0.08% 0.00% -0.01% 0.03% -0.10% -0.30% 0.01%
JPY 0.17% 0.09% 0.08% 0.10% 0.08% -0.19% 0.12%
NZD 0.38% 0.30% 0.28% 0.33% 0.30% 0.20% 0.31%
CHF 0.06% -0.02% -0.04% 0.00% -0.03% -0.12% -0.31%

The heatmap shows the percentage changes of major currencies against each other. The base currency is chosen from the left column, while the quote currency is chosen from the top row. For example, if you choose Euro from the left column and move along the horizontal line to the Japanese Yen, the percentage change shown in the box will be EUR (base)/JPY (quote).

Frequently Asked Questions about the Indian Rupee

The Indian Rupee (INR) is one of the most sensitive currencies to external factors. The price of crude oil (the country is heavily dependent on imported oil), the value of the US dollar – most trade is done in USD – and the level of foreign investment are all influential. Direct intervention of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in the foreign exchange markets to keep the exchange rate stable, as well as the level of interest rates set by the RBI, are other major influencing factors on the rupee.

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) actively intervenes in the foreign exchange markets to maintain a stable exchange rate to help facilitate trade. In addition, the RBI is trying to maintain the inflation rate at the target of 4% by adjusting interest rates. Higher interest rates usually strengthen the rupee. This is due to the role of “carry trade” where investors borrow in countries with lower interest rates so that they place their money in countries that offer relatively higher interest rates and profit from the difference.

Macroeconomic factors that influence the value of the rupee include inflation, interest rates, the rate of economic growth (GDP), trade balance and foreign investment flows. A higher growth rate can lead to more investment abroad, increasing demand for the rupee. A less negative trade balance will ultimately lead to a stronger rupee. Higher interest rates, especially real rates (interest rates minus inflation) are also positive for the rupee. A risk-on environment may lead to higher foreign direct and indirect investment (FDI and FII) inflows, which also benefits the rupee.

Higher inflation, especially if it is comparatively higher than India’s, is generally negative for the currency as it reflects devaluation through oversupply. Inflation also increases the cost of exports, resulting in more rupees being sold to buy foreign imports, which is negative for the rupee. At the same time, higher inflation usually leads to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) raising interest rates, and this can be positive for the rupee due to increased demand from international investors. The opposite effect is true for lower inflation.

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