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USD/INR holds positive ground ahead of US PPI data

  • The Indian rupee is down in the Asian session on Tuesday.
  • Weakness in Asian benchmarks, higher crude oil prices and softer Indian CPI data weigh on the INR.
  • Investors will monitor July’s US PPI due on Tuesday.

The Indian Rupee (INR) weakens on Tuesday despite the US Dollar (USD) trading on a consolidating theme. A combination of a decline in its Asian peers, rising crude oil prices, softer inflation data from India and a cautious market mood ahead of key US economic data are contributing to the INR decline. However, the likely intervention of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to sell the USD to prevent a more significant depreciation of the local currency could limit the pair’s advantage.

Traders will focus on the US Producer Price Index (PPI) for July for further impetus. On Wednesday, the US Consumer Price Index (CPI) will provide some clues about the Federal Reserve’s (Fed) interest rate cut decisions. On the Indian ledger, wholesale price index (WPI) inflation will be closely monitored, which is expected to ease from 3.36% year-on-year in June to 2.39% in July.

Daily Digest Market Movers: Indian rupee remains weak amid several headwinds

  • CPI inflation in India eased to 3.54% y/y in July from 5.08% in June. This figure was the lowest since August 2019, according to official data released on Monday.
  • Indian industrial production rose 4.2 percent in June, compared with 6.2 percent in the previous reading, worse than expectations of 5.5 percent.
  • The swap market is priced at constant rates by the RBI for the next three months. However, this is followed by 25 basis points (bps) of easing over the next three months, followed by another 25 basis points over the next six months.
  • The CME FedWatch tool showed the possibility of a 50 basis point (bps) cut in interest rates by the Fed at the September meeting to 47.5%, down from 52.5% last Friday.
  • The US Producer Price Index (PPI) is expected to fall to 0.1% month-on-month in July, from 0.2% in the previous reading.

Technical Analysis: The broader outlook for USD/INR is still positive

The Indian Rupee is trading weaker today. The USD/INR pair maintains a constructive outlook on the daily time frame, with the price holding above the 100-day exponential moving average (EMA) and the two-month-old uptrend line. The 14-day Relative Resistance Index (RSI) is well supported above the median line near 65.50, suggesting that the path of least resistance is to the upside.

The psychological barrier of 84.00 seems to be a tough nut to crack for USD/INR buyers. A decisive breakout above this level could pave the way to the all-time high of 84.24. Extended earnings could see a rise to 84.50.

On the other hand, the initial support level is seen near the uptrend line at 83.84. A breach of this level could expose the 100-day EMA at 83.52.

Frequently Asked Questions about the Indian Rupee

The Indian Rupee (INR) is one of the most sensitive currencies to external factors. The price of crude oil (the country is heavily dependent on imported oil), the value of the US dollar – most trade is done in USD – and the level of foreign investment are all influential. Direct intervention of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in the foreign exchange markets to keep the exchange rate stable, as well as the level of interest rates set by the RBI, are other major influencing factors on the rupee.

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) actively intervenes in the foreign exchange markets to maintain a stable exchange rate to help facilitate trade. In addition, the RBI is trying to maintain the inflation rate at the target of 4% by adjusting interest rates. Higher interest rates usually strengthen the rupee. This is due to the role of “carry trade” where investors borrow in countries with lower interest rates so that they place their money in countries that offer relatively higher interest rates and profit from the difference.

Macroeconomic factors that influence the value of the rupee include inflation, interest rates, the rate of economic growth (GDP), trade balance and foreign investment flows. A higher growth rate can lead to more investment abroad, increasing demand for the rupee. A less negative trade balance will ultimately lead to a stronger rupee. Higher interest rates, especially real rates (interest rates minus inflation) are also positive for the rupee. A risk-on environment may lead to higher foreign direct and indirect investment (FDI and FII) inflows, which also benefits the rupee.

Higher inflation, especially if it is comparatively higher than India’s, is generally negative for the currency as it reflects devaluation through oversupply. Inflation also increases the cost of exports, resulting in more rupees being sold to buy foreign imports, which is negative for the rupee. At the same time, higher inflation usually leads to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) raising interest rates, and this can be positive for the rupee due to increased demand from international investors. The opposite effect is true for lower inflation.

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