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GBP/USD was supported by weak US PPI despite rising UK unemployment

  • GBP/USD gained three quarters of a percent on Tuesday.
  • The drop in US PPI inflation numbers sent the greenback lower.
  • UK jobless claims have risen to their highest level since the pandemic.

GBP/USD hit a two-week high on Tuesday, reaching a session high of 1.2873 after market sentiment found the buy button. US producer price index (PPI) inflation cooled more than expected, prompting a number of bets on a higher pace of interest rate cuts from the Federal Reserve (Fed) in September, while cable traders rejected a multi-year peak in UK jobless claims.

Forex Today: Rate cut expectations look at US inflation data

Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation figures are released on both sides of the Atlantic on Wednesday. UK core CPI inflation is expected to fall to 3.4% year-on-year in July from 3.5%. On the US side, markets are banking on a continued cooling in US inflation numbers, with US core CPI for the year to July expected to fall to 3.2% from 3.3% previously.

Despite a broad market pivot on hopes of a Fed rate cut following lower inflation figures, Britain is staring down the barrel of a declining employment landscape. July’s claim change saw 135,000 new jobless claims, nearly ten times the 14,500 forecast and more than four times the previous month’s figure of 32,300. It’s the worst print in UK jobless claims since the 2020 pandemic shut down most of the country, and pound traders will be eyeing Friday’s upcoming UK gross domestic product (GDP) with more trepidation than expected.

US PPI inflation fell to 2.2% from a year ago in July, falling below the expected 2.3% and falling further from the revised 2.7% in the previous period. Core PPI inflation also fell to 2.4% for the year to July, falling below the forecast of 2.7% and well below the previous level of 3.0%. Continued easing of US inflation pressures strengthened risk appetite in the US market session, with market bets on a double 50 basis point cut in September from the Federal Reserve (Fed) rising to 55%, according to the tool CME’s FedWatch.

GBP/USD Price Forecast

GBP/USD is extending a recovery rally after a technical bounce from the 200-day exponential moving average (EMA) last week near 1.2675. Bulls remain in control of the technical charts, but Cable has yet to break through and regain the 1.2900 handle that was lost in mid-July.

The longer-term trend favors bidders as greenback weakness sends sterling higher and a longer-term technical pattern of higher lows keeps bullish momentum on the upside.

GBP/USD Daily Chart

Frequently Asked Questions for Pounds Sterling

The British pound (GBP) is the oldest currency in the world (886 AD) and the official currency of the United Kingdom. It is the fourth most traded foreign exchange (FX) unit in the world, accounting for 12% of all trades, averaging $630 billion per day as of 2022. Its key trading pairs are GBP/USD, aka “Cable”, which represents 11% of FX, GBP/JPY or “The Dragon” as it is known to traders (3%) and EUR/GBP (2%) . The pound sterling is issued by the Bank of England (BoE).

The most important factor influencing the value of the pound sterling is the monetary policy decided by the Bank of England. The BoE bases its decisions on whether it has achieved its main objective of “price stability” – a steady inflation rate of around 2%. Its main tool to achieve this is the adjustment of interest rates. When inflation is too high, the BoE will try to control it by raising interest rates, making it more expensive for people and businesses to access credit. This is generally positive for GBP as higher interest rates make the UK a more attractive place for global investors to park their money. When inflation falls too low, it is a sign that economic growth is slowing. In this scenario, the BoE will consider cutting interest rates to reduce credit so that companies borrow more to invest in growth-generating projects.

Data releases measure the health of the economy and can affect the value of the pound. Indicators such as GDP, manufacturing and services PMI and employment can all influence the direction of the GBP. A strong economy is good for Sterling. Not only does it attract more foreign investment, it may encourage the BoE to raise interest rates, which will directly strengthen the GBP. Otherwise, if the economic data is weak, the pound is likely to fall.

Another significant release of data for the pound is the trade balance. This indicator measures the difference between what a country earns from its exports and what it spends on imports in a given period. If a country produces highly sought-after exports, its currency will only benefit from the additional demand created by foreign buyers looking to purchase these goods. Therefore, a positive net trade balance strengthens a currency and vice versa for a negative balance.

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