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USD/INR higher ahead of US PMI data

  • The Indian rupee weakens in the first Asian session on Thursday, pressured by a sell-off in Indian stocks.
  • RBI intervention and low crude oil prices could limit INR downside.
  • Investors await the US ISM services PMI due later on Thursday.

The Indian Rupee (INR) extended its decline on Thursday despite a weaker US Dollar (USD). A sell-off in domestic stocks tracking global indices has weighed on the INR, dragging the local currency close to all-time lows. However, possible intervention by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) through USD selling could prevent the Indian rupee from breaking the 84 mark. Additionally, a fall in crude oil prices could help limit the INR’s losses as India is the third nation from the oil-consuming and importing world.

The US ISM Services Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) is due later on Thursday, which is expected to have fallen to 51.1 in August from 51.4 in July. On Friday, attention will turn to US Non-Farm Payrolls (NFP) for August. This event could provide some clues about the size and pace of interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve (Fed) this year.

Daily Digest Market Movers: Indian rupee looks vulnerable ahead of US NFP data

  • The HSBC India Services Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) improved to 60.9 in August from 60.3 in July, above the market consensus of 60.4. This figure was the highest since March.
  • “The Indian rupee was again stopped near 83.9750, the lowest possible close by the RBI, as it sold dollars to ensure that it remains within a short distance of the psychological level of 84.00. The risk-off sentiment ensured that markets continued to buy dollars and the RBI continued to supply them,” said Anil Kumar Bhansali, head of treasury and managing director at Finrex Treasury Advisors LLP.
  • The jobs and labor turnover survey showed that available positions fell to 7.67 million in July, compared with 7.91 million jobs (revised from 8.1 million) recorded in June, the Labor Department reported Wednesday. This figure was below the market consensus of 8.1 million.
  • Atlanta Fed President Raphael Bostic said Wednesday that he is ready to start cutting interest rates even though inflation is still above the U.S. central bank’s target.
  • Markets are now pricing in a nearly 57 percent chance of a 25 basis point (bps) rate cut by the Fed in September, while the odds of a 50 basis point cut are 43 percent, according to CME’s FedWatch tool.

Technical Analysis: USD/INR outlook remains positive

The Indian rupee softens during the day. According to the daily chart, the USD/INR pair remains stuck in an ascending triangle. However, the constructive view of the pair prevails as the price is holding above the 100-day exponential moving average (EMA) with the 14-day relative strength index (RSI) pointing higher above the median line near 59.55.

A major resistance level appears in the 84.00-84.05 region, featuring the psychological figure of 84.00, the upper boundary of the triangle and the September 4 high. Sustained trading above this level could lift USD/INR to 84.50.

On the downside, the ascending triangle support near 83.90 acts as an initial support level for the pair. A breach of the said level could revise the 100-day EMA at 83.63.

Frequently Asked Questions about the Indian Rupee

The Indian Rupee (INR) is one of the most sensitive currencies to external factors. The price of crude oil (the country is heavily dependent on imported oil), the value of the US dollar – most trade is done in USD – and the level of foreign investment are all influential. Direct intervention of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in the foreign exchange markets to keep the exchange rate stable, as well as the level of interest rates set by the RBI, are other major influencing factors on the rupee.

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) actively intervenes in the foreign exchange markets to maintain a stable exchange rate to help facilitate trade. In addition, the RBI is trying to maintain the inflation rate at the target of 4% by adjusting interest rates. Higher interest rates usually strengthen the rupee. This is due to the role of “carry trade” where investors borrow in countries with lower interest rates so that they place their money in countries that offer relatively higher interest rates and profit from the difference.

Macroeconomic factors that influence the value of the rupee include inflation, interest rates, the rate of economic growth (GDP), trade balance and foreign investment flows. A higher growth rate can lead to more investment abroad, increasing demand for the rupee. A less negative trade balance will ultimately lead to a stronger rupee. Higher interest rates, especially real rates (interest rates minus inflation) are also positive for the rupee. A risk-on environment may lead to higher foreign direct and indirect investment (FDI and FII) inflows, which also benefits the rupee.

Higher inflation, especially if it is comparatively higher than India’s, is generally negative for the currency as it reflects devaluation through oversupply. Inflation also increases the cost of exports, resulting in more rupees being sold to buy foreign imports, which is negative for the rupee. At the same time, higher inflation usually leads to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) raising interest rates, and this can be positive for the rupee due to increased demand from international investors. The opposite effect is true for lower inflation.

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