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USD/JPY recovers intraday losses as the US dollar struggles to move higher

  • USD/JPY pars intraday losses and recovers above 148.00 amid firm US dollar.
  • Investors shift focus to US inflation data for September.
  • A drop in total household spending in Japan would dampen the BoJ’s bets on rate hikes.

USD/JPY recovers its intraday losses and returns to the daily high of 148.20 in the North American session on Tuesday. Major gains as the US dollar (USD) struggles to extend its rally. The U.S. Dollar Index (DXY), which tracks the greenback against six major currencies, is holding on to gains near a seven-week high of 102.50.

The US dollar’s performance remained firm as market expectations for the Federal Reserve (Fed) to deliver another larger-than-usual 50 basis point (bps) interest rate cut in November eased.

According to the CME FedWatch tool, traders have revised the Federal Funds rate for November and see a 25 bps rate cut that will push interest rates to 4.50%-4.75% after the release of the Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) report for September. Employment data showed that job demand remained robust, the unemployment rate decelerated and wage growth remained strong.

Going forward, investors will pay close attention to US consumer price index (CPI) data for September, which will be released on Thursday. Economists expect the core CPI – which excludes volatile food and energy prices – to have risen steadily by 3.2%. Headline annual inflation is expected to ease further to 2.3% from 2.5% in August.

The impact of inflation is expected to be light on Fed rate cut expectations as officials are more focused on reviving consumer spending and job growth.

On the Tokyo front, overall household spending fell 1.9 percent in August, slower than expectations for a 2.6 percent contraction. In July, the measure of consumer spending rose by just 0.1%. This is expected to dampen expectations of more rate hikes from the Bank of Japan (BoJ) in the final quarter of the year.

Frequently Asked Questions about the Japanese Yen

The Japanese Yen (JPY) is one of the most traded currencies in the world. Its value is largely determined by the performance of the Japanese economy, but more specifically by Bank of Japan policy, the difference between Japanese and US bond yields, or risk sentiment among traders, among other factors.

One of the Bank of Japan’s mandates is currency control, so its moves are key for the yen. The BoJ has intervened directly in currency markets on occasion, generally to depress the yen, although it refrains from doing so because of the political concerns of its main trading partners. The BoJ’s ultra-loose monetary policy between 2013 and 2024 caused the yen to depreciate against its major peers due to a growing policy divergence between the Bank of Japan and other major central banks. More recently, the gradual unwinding of this ultra-tight policy has provided some support to the yen.

Over the past decade, the BoJ’s stance of sticking to an ultra-loose monetary policy has led to increased policy divergence with other central banks, particularly the US Federal Reserve. This supported a widening of the spread between US and Japanese 10-year bonds, which favored the US dollar against the Japanese yen. The BoJ’s decision in 2024 to phase out ultra-loose policy, coupled with interest rate cuts at other major central banks, narrows this gap.

The Japanese yen is often seen as a safe investment. This means that during periods of market stress, investors are more likely to put their money into the Japanese currency due to its supposed reliability and stability. The troubled times are likely to strengthen the value of the yen against other currencies considered riskier to invest in.

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